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Incheon Airport
Airport Directory » Korea, Republic of » Seoul » Incheon AirportIncheon International Airport (IIA) (IATA: ICN, ICAO: RKSI) (Korean: 인천국제공항) is the biggest airport in South Korea, and 1 of the biggest and busiest in Asia. Since 2006, it has been consecutively valued as the most good airport in the world and had the full 5-star ranking by Skytrax, the prestigious acknowledgment shared only by Hong Kong International Airport and Singapore Changi Airport.
Located 70 kilometre (43 mi) from Seoul, the capital and biggest town of South Korea, Incheon International Airport is the independent hub for Korean Air, Asiana Airlines and Polar Air Cargo.
The airport opened for business organisation in early 2001, replacing the older Gimpo International Airport, which currently assists only domestic destinations plus shuttle voyages to Tokyo (Haneda), Shanghai (Hongqiao) and Osaka (Kansai).
The airport assists as a hub for international civilian air transportation system and freight traffic in East Asia.
Incheon International Airport is also now Asia's 8th busiest airport in terms of riders, the world's 5th busiest airport in terms of freight and cargo, and the world's 11th busiest airport in terms of international riders in 2006.
Overview
Incheon International Airport is turn up due west of Incheon, on Yeongjong-Yongyu Island on the West Coast. In the past, there were 2 separate islands of Yeongjong and Yongyu but the distance between them that were one time covered by the sea was make full to characteristic 1 island from 2. Both of these islands were division of the town of Incheon.
It is linked to the mainland by Incheon International Airport Expressway (Expressway 130), a division of which is Yeongjong Bridge. The state highway also links Gimpo Airport to furnish connexions between domestic voyage service with international air traffic, an vantage that makes it far easier to move from southern Korean districts to Incheon, and then to airports all over the world. The airport is assisted by frequent bus company from all divisions of South Korea as good as by traditional ferry service between Yeongjong wharf and Incheon. Airport limos function around the time from Seoul to Incheon, and several backup main road jitneys escort someones from locations within and outside Seoul.
The Incheon International Airport Railroad link up to Gimpo International Airport (and Seoul Subway Line five) opened on 23 March 2007, with a further extension to Seoul Station due for pass completion by January 2010.
The airport was presented the "Best in Service Award in Class" at the first International Conference on Airport Quality and Service by the IATA and the ACI, and ranked 2nd in "Best Airport Worldwide", behind Hong Kong International Airport, and in front of Singapore Changi Airport. It was also ranked No. one in the world by the Airports Council International.
Seoul Incheon International Airport's depot has 74 boarding entrances wholly, with 44 in the independent rider construction and 30 in Concourse A.
History
After the Seoul Olympics of 1988, international air traffic to Korea increased at a tremendous value. Especially as clip shape up into the 1990s, it went apparent that Gimpo International Airport is able to not keep up with the increase in air traffic. As such, in say to cut down the burden on Gimpo International Airport, and constitute a new airport which is able to get the center of air traffic in the district, building of the airport set about in November 1992. The airport was build on repossessed district between Yeongjong Island and Youngyu Island. It took 8 yr to build the airport, and an additional 6 calendar month to prove function. The airport was officially opened in March 2001.
When the airport was 1st opened, there were numerous jobs, most of them having to do with the luggage care systems. In fact, the job was 1st find out during the prove stage, but was ne'er work up in clip. As a effect, for a calendar month after the airport opened, the system had to be functioned on a semi-automatic fashion. Nevertheless, most of the jobs were work up within a calendar month, and the airport elongated to function ordinarily, surpassing all outlooks.
After the September 11, 2001 assails, the airport’s security measure was upgraded to province of the art systems, and medical review equipment was also upgraded in response to the various epidemics fall out in neighbour states.
Due to the positive response towards the airport, its air traffic increased enormously. By early 2002, it went apparent that the airport shall be saturated by 2006. As a effect, in February 2002, the building of the 2nd stage was started. Originally, the building were say to have finished by December 2008. However, due to the Beijing Olympics in 2008, the building schedule was modified to let the building to finish by July 2008.
On 15 November 2006, the Airbus A380 district at the airport as division of the 1st leg of its enfranchisement trip. During the see, the airport detected the functioning of other air traffic particularly during dry land functioning. The airplane was docked into 1 of its boarding entrances to guarantee that the aircraft was full compatible with the airport. The effects were satisfactory, support that the airport shall be to the full Airbus A380 capable, from the landing track to the taxi strip, and up to every individual boarding dock.
To further upgrade service, Incheon and major Korean logistics company Hanjin Corporation (parent corporation of the Korean Flag Carrier, Korean Air) have signed a contract on ten January 2008 to construct a nine-story infirmary near the airport. Once building is complete in 2011, the Yeongjong Medical Centre is anticipated to assist nearby inhabitants and 30,000 domestic and international holidaymakers who see Korea every yr to have medical services.
Timeline
- February 1992: Master Plan Approved
- November 1992: Phase I Construction and Site Preparation Initiated
- July 1994: North and South Dikes finished
- March 1996: Formally named Incheon International Airport
- May 1996: Passenger Terminal Construction Initiated
- December 1996: Runway Construction Initiated
- 30 June 2000: Construction of basic elements finished
- July 2000: Test Operations sets about
- November 2000: Opening date denoted
- 29 March 2001: Airport Officially Opened
- February 2002: Phase II Construction Started
- November 2002: New rider air hose parkland stand up build (Phase two)
- October 2003: Construction of new Cargo depot started (Phase two)
- November 2003: Intra Airport Transit system building started (Phase two)
- December 2003: Third landing track building started (Phase two)
- June 2004: Passenger Concourse Construction Initiated (Phase two)
- April 2005: Final building of rider concourse (Phase two)
- March 2007: Airport Railroad set about functioning
- June 2008: Phase II Construction Completed
Construction levels
The airport was originally be after to be built in 3 stages, incrementally increasing airport capacity as the claim turned. This was modified, nevertheless, to 4 stages after the airport was opened.
Phase one
In Phase 1, the airport had a capacity of 30 million riders per yr, and a load capacity of 1.7 million metrical t annual. In this stage, a rider depot with a floor infinite of 496,000 square meter, 2 parallel landing track, a control tower, an administrative construction, a transit center (the Integrated Transportation Centre, projected by Terry Farrell & Partners), and incorporated functioning center, 3 freight depots, international business centre, and a government office construction were build.
Phase two
Phase two building set about in 2002 and was originally anticipated to be finished in December 2008. However, in an attack to have the airport ready for the 2008 Beijing Olympics which took location in August 2008, the schedule was modified and Phase two building was finished on 20 June 2008. During this building stage, a 3rd parallel 4,000 meter-long landing track and a 13 hectare freight depot area were added. A 16.5 hectare concourse link up to the independent rider construction via 2 parallel 870m long subway entrances was added, with a "Starline" Mitsubishi Crystal Mover APM shuttling riders between the concourse and the independent depot.
With the pass completion, the airport has an one-year capacity of 410,000 voyages, 44,000,000 riders, and almost 4,500,000 metrical metric ton of freight. All foreign air hose were switched to the new concourse, with Korean and Asiana elongating to use the being depot. In addition, there were numerous equipment upgrades during the stage, including the newer and more better ASDE-X with MRI (Multi Radar Tracking) operate, and the ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) system with the RIMCAS (Runway Incursion Monitoring and Conflict Alert System) operate. The installing of 4 additional positions of ASDE-X transmitting aerial is be after to cut down blind spot during heavy rain and in readying for the new landing track.
Phase three
The exact alterations are now unknown, as Incheon International Airport Corporation (IIAC) has denoted that the Master Plan shall be reexamined and modified upon pass completion of the Phase two enlargement. It is known that the airport will add two additional rider concourses, and a south-east rider depot, with the Intra Airport Transport (IAT) being continued to cover all rider depots and concourses. Recently, IIAC support that its original programme of making a new rider depot on the transit centre area has been modified. It currently has a architectural plan to construct the depot on the northward field of the airport.
Phase four
Estimated to be complete in 2020 this is the final and the ultimate building level. Upon pass completion, the airport will have two rider depots, four artificial satellite concourses, 128 entrances, and four parallel landing track. It shall be able to deal 100 million riders and 7 million metrical metric ton of freight each year, with further possible enlargements. The airport is projected to be transformed into 1 of the top 10 busiest in the world by 2020.
Passenger installations
Main rider depot
Arrivals |
Arrivals |
Airside |
Gate Area |
The independent rider depot is the biggest in area in South Korea, and the 5th biggest rider depot in the world, after Dubai International Airport's Terminal 3, Beijing Capital International Airport's Terminal 3, Hong Kong International Airport's Terminal one and Suvarnabhumi Airport's rider depot, measure out at 496,000 square meter. It is 1060 meters long, 149 m broad, and 33 meters high. Its building cost was 1.3816 trillion South Korean Won. The depot has 44 boarding ports (all of which is able to adapt the new Airbus 380), 50 usages review ports, two biologic quarantine counters, six stationary and 14 portable rider quarantine counters, 120 reaching recommendation review counters, eight reaching security ports, 28 going security ports, 252 check in counters, and 120 going recommendation review counters. When stage two building is complete, the artificial satellite boarding docks (concourses) shall be plugged in to the independent depot using 2 parallel 870 meter long subway entrances fit out with IATs (Intra Airport Transit). Transit to the IBC (International Business Centre) shall be furnished using the PMS (People Mover System).
Passenger Concourse A
The rider concourse A was finished at the finish of May 2008 and all foreign air hose are using this depot (Gate 101-132) since ten June 2008. Korean Air and Asiana Airlines are using the independent depot (Gate 1-50).
Cargo Terminal Complex
The Cargo Terminal Complex consists 3 freight depots, 5 separate storage warehouses, 24 parkland stand up, and disposal business office. Each freight depot is planned to furnish each bearer with unique services, and a load storage warehouse (about 3,500 square meter). They are divided into 3 area , import, going across and export. The logical way in which the depots were projected allow for a extremely efficient functioning. The freight depots also comes with an progressed automatic data processing system that assists landing track each freight in real clip. Using the systems, managing director is able to position person parcel info, landing tracking info, storage info, etc in real clip. The depots also characteristic various other high technology engineering.
The Cargo Terminal Complex was projected to be able to function 1.7 million short ton of freight per yr. However, due to the increased claims, the operators of Cargo A Terminal and Cargo B Terminal has preferred to spread out their installations onto the district that is available nearby. As a effect, the aggregative functioning ability of the complex is now valued at 2.7 million short ton per yr. The C Terminal, was not able to spread out nevertheless, due to the want of direct airside access. Once Phase II enlargement is complete, the airport will have a functioning ability of around 4.9 million t per yr. This is because the enlargement which was originally projected to let an enlargement to 4.5 million short ton per yr shall be adding on top of the current functioning ability, which includes the enlargements by Korean Air Cargo and Asiana Cargo which was dealt on an individual basis on a piece of district that did not battle with the airport enlargement programmes.
The Cargo Terminal Complex is functioned 24 60 minutes a solar day, seven solar days a hebdomad, nonstop. In addition, the mechanization systems had been upgraded. As a effect, it is typical for the airport to end product an duplicate 2 million short ton per yr functioning capableness than the original project.
A Terminal
This Cargo Terminal is functioned by Korean Air Cargo. It is the biggest freight depot by both size and capacity. It has a special ability to be able to function special types of freight such as those claim infrigidation, or those transporting dwell beasts. This installation has been spread out one time in March two of 2005 to let a aggregative functioning capableness of 1.35 million short ton per yr. The depot has an area of 60,000 square meter.
B Terminal
This Cargo Terminal is functioned by Asiana Cargo. Although its capacity was to be spread out to 800,000 short ton per yr, the fall claim for freight transportation system on Asiana arising from a airplane pilot strike in 2005 has do the architectural plans to be modified. Currently, the depots are capable of functioning 750,000 short ton per yr. The depot has an area of 40,000 square meter.
C Terminal
This Cargo Terminal is functioned by the Incheon International Airport Foreign Carrier Cargo Terminal Company. Its users include FedEx, UPS, DHL, as good as other air hose. Due to its place, it is able to not spread out its installations as with the other depots without conflicting with the being programs for airport enlargement. As a effect, the IIAC is now making a new depot that would by functioned by the IIAC Foreign Carrier Cargo Terminal Co. Once this new depot is build, FedEx and UPS are anticipated to move into the new depot while other freight operators are anticipated to use the being depot.
The depot is 420 metres long, 120 m broad, and 19.65 metres tall. Its 1st floor (storage warehouse) has a aggregative area of 54,203.32 square meter, and other flooring busy 12,708.88 square meter. Its current aggregative functioning capableness is 600,000 prosody short ton per yr. 51 different load corporations use this complex. This freight depot also has an administrative construction nearby which houses a bite shop, 3 eating house, recreational facility, administrative business office, and stationary shops as good as various other installations. The construction is 63m X 36m X 21.55m in dimensions and has a aggregative of six flooring; 1 cellar, 4 regular flooring, and 1 roof top floor. Its aggregative area is 8,619.23 square meter and houses 120 different corporations and office.
Operation installations and bases
Control tower
Located at the centre of the airport, the 22 narration Control Tower is 100.4 metres tall and is light up 24 60 minutes a solar day. On its highest floor is turn up a parabolical transmitting aerial that is used by the Airport Surface Detection Equipment (ASDE) to observe all planes and obstructions within 5 kilometre of the tower. The upper flooring are used by land and tower comptrollers while the lower flooring are generally for back up functioning. The control tower has a aggregative area of 179 square meter surviving the third biggest in the world as of 2001.
Runways
At Incheon International Airport, there are 3 parallel paved asphalt landing track in functioning, 15R/33L, 15L/33R and 16/34. Runway 15R/33L and 15L/33R are each 3,750 metres long, 60 m broad, and 1.05 m thick. Runway 16/34 is 4000 metres long. Runway 15R/33L is used largely for going while landing track 15L/33R is used largely for reaches. This is evident from the sum of money of natural rubber present on each landing track; landing track 15L/33R has more natural rubber on it due to the higher figure of landings. A 3rd parallel 16L/34R landing track 4,000 metres long set about functioning in June 2008. Landing and takeoffs of most rider voyages are done on the new landing track and the being landing track 15R/33L while landing track 15L/33R is largely used for freight voyages for its propinquity with the freight depots. Although the landing track are labelled 33 and 34, all 3 landing track have the same caput. Once Phase four building is complete, the airport will have four parallel landing track, 2 of them 3,750 metres long and the other 2 4,000 metres long. All landing track are fit out with ILS CAT IIIb at both sides allowing for functioning in visibleness statuses as low as 50 metres. As of the date of upgrade, Incheon International Airport was the only airport in Asia to have full ILS CAT IIIb capableness. The landing track lights at Incheon International Airport (as good as the cab visible radiation) are bound into special information processing system at the control tower. Air Traffic Controllers is able to furnish imperfect cabbing to an aircraft by position the information processing system to pull wires the cab and landing track visible radiation so that it will take them to their denominated entrance or parkland stand up.
Meteorological installations
The Meteorological System at Incheon International Airport dwells of an Automatic Weather Observation System (AWOS), Low stage Wind shear Alert System (LWAS), Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR), Long Range Doppler Radar, Weather Station Headquarter, and a Weather Balloon Launching installation.
Awards, enfranchisements, and evaluations
- In 1998, Incheon International Airport had ISO enfranchisements in airport building and airport services.
- From 2002, Incheon International Airport won for 3 sequentially yr, the Best Airport Award consorting to IATA and ACI.
- In 2002, Incheon International Airport was valued 2nd in the Best Airport Worldwide family consorting to IATA and ACI.
- Incheon International Airport Corporation got the 1st in the world to have ISO enfranchisement in airport services.
- In 2005, Incheon International Airport won the Best Airport Worldwide 2005 award from AETRA Service Monitoring which was jointly dealt by IATA and ACI.
- In 2006, Incheon International Airport had the ATRS' Top Asia-Pacific Efficiency Award after attaining a residuary variable factor productiveness efficiency rate that was 57% higher than the mean of those in the district.
- In 2006, Incheon International Airport was presented as the world's most good airport ground on a rider appraise dealt by the IATA.
- Incheon International Airport was named Best Airport Worldwide at the 1st Airport Service Quality Awards
- Incheon International Airport had an ISO enfranchisement in the environmental family.
- Incheon International Airport was presented the "Best in Service Award in Class" at the first International Conference on Airport Quality and Service by the IATA and the ACI.
- Incheon International Airport ranked 2nd in "Best Airport Worldwide", behind Hong Kong International Airport, and bound with Singapore Changi Airport.
- Incheon International Airport won the GT Tested Award for Best Airport in the World in January 2007.
- Incheon International Airport named by Global Traveler (GT) as the Best Airport in the World for the 2nd straight yr in January 2008.
Accidents and incidents
No serious or fatal accidents or incidents have been put down to date at the airport.
Accidents and incidents regarding the airport
- On 11 September 2001, Korean Air Flight 85, bond for John F. Kennedy International Airport was deviate and escorted by armed forces scrapper jet plane to Whitehorse International Airport after a transponder misfunctioned and caused dry land installations to consider that the aircraft had been commandeered. Although the airplane was low on fuel, the aeroplane had not been commandeered. The recreation fall out during Operation Yellow Ribbon as division of the Canadian response to the September 11 Attacks in New York City, Washington D.C. and Pennsylvania.
- On 17 December 2005 a GE90-94B engine neglected on an Air France Boeing 777 winging from Incheon International Airport to Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport ensuing in an unscheduled districting in Irkutsk, Siberia.
Original article.